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The catalytic effect of both oxygen-bearing functional group and ash in carbonaceous catalyst on CH 4-CO 2 reforming

Weidong ZHANG, Yongfa ZHANG,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 147-152 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0242-1

Abstract: A kind of new catalyst—carbonaceous catalyst—for CH-CO reformation has been developed incarbonyl, carboxyl, and lactonic, and ash such as FeO, NaCO, and KCO in the carbonaceous catalyst on the CH-COIt has been found that the carbonaceous catalyst is an efficient catalyst on CO-CH reforming.FeO, NaCO, and KCO in the ash can catalyze the CO-CH reforming reaction; CaO has little effect on CO-CHCaO can catalyze the gasification between carbonaceous catalyst and CO; AlO and MgO inhibit the CO-CH

Keywords： oxygen-bearing functional carboxyl phenolic hydroxyl CH-CO reformation CO-CH reforming

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An investigation of the CHOH and CO selectivity of CO hydrogenation over Cu–Ce–Zr catalysts

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6, Pages 950-962 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2162-2

Abstract: 2 to CO/CH₃OH products.:mrow>2 = 5.4%–15.6%) and CHfurther hydrogenation of intermediate species to CH₃OH and improving the hydrogenation rateHence, the Cu–Ce–Zr catalyst with 8 wt% Ce loading favors CH₃OH selectivity and CO₂₂ hydrogenation to CH₃OH.

Keywords： CO₂ hydrogenation Cu–Ce–Zr hydroxyls CO/CH₃OH selectivity

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Ni-Co bimetallic catalyst for CH

Xiaohong LI, Jun AI, Wenying LI, Dongxiong LI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 476-480 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0512-y

Abstract: A co-precipitation method was employed to prepare Ni/Al O -ZrO , Co/Al O -ZrO and Ni-Co/Al O -ZrO catalysts-TPD), and temperature-programmed surface reaction (CH -TPSR and CO -TPSR).Ni-Co/Al O -ZrO bimetallic catalyst has good performance in the reduction of active components Ni, Coand CO adsorption.According to the CH -CO -TPSR, there were 80.9% and 81.5% higher CH and CO conversion over Ni-Co/Al

Keywords： Ni-Co bimetallic catalyst composite support CH₄ reforming with CO₂

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Frontier science and challenges on offshore carbon storage

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 7, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1680-6

Abstract:

● The main direct seal up carbon options and challenges are reviewed.

Keywords： Offshore carbon storage Direct CO₂ injection CO₂-CH₄ replacement CO₂-EOR CCS hubs CO₂ transport

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Review on cryogenic technologies for CO removal from natural gas

Yujing BI, Yonglin JU

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 5, Pages 793-811 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0821-0

Abstract: CO₂ in natural gas (NG) is prone to condense directly from gas to solid or solidify from liquidMeanwhile, CO₂ will also affect the calorific value of NG.Based on the above reasons, CO₂ must be removed during the NG liquefaction process.In this paper, the phase behavior of the CH₄-CO₂ binary mixture is summarized,which provides a basis for the process design of cryogenic CO₂ removal from NG.

Keywords： cryogenic CO₂ removal purification of natural gas (NG) biogas upgrading CH₄-CO₂ binary system

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Greenhouse gas emissions during co-composting of cattle feedlot manure with construction and demolition

Xiying Hao, Francis J. Larney

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0955-1

Abstract: The CK and DG manures were co-composted with (4:1) C&D waste (treatments: CK_CD DG_CD), composted aloneComposting with C&D waste produced similar CO emissions, about double that from manure stockpiling (In contrast, CH emissions were reduced by the inclusion of C&D waste (64 gC·m with C&D vs. 244 gC·mwithout C&D) while the manure stockpile emitted the greatest amount of CH (464 gC·m ).Additionally, only 0.48% of C was emitted in CH form with C&D waste, compared to 1.68% when composting

Keywords： Livestock manure greenhouse gas flux straw bale compost bin N₂O CH₄ CO₂

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Effect of TiO

Navid Azizi, Mojgan Isanejad, Toraj Mohammadi, Reza M. Behbahani

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3, Pages 517-530 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1781-0

Abstract: The effects of the titanium dioxide nanoparticle load on the morphology and CO /CH separation performanceThe incorporation of TiO nanoparticles into the polymeric MMMs improved the CO /CH gas separation performanceThe CO permeability and ideal CO /CH selectivity values of the nanocomposite membrane loaded with 8

Keywords： mixed matrix membrane TiO₂ nanoparticles PEBAX-1657 CO₂/CH₄ separation

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Effect of carbon deposition over carbonaceous catalysts on CH

Yongfa ZHANG, Meng ZHANG, Guojie ZHANG, Huirong ZHANG

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 481-485 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0523-8

Abstract: bed reactor to understand the influence of carbon deposition obtained under different conditions on CH-CO reforming.-CO reforming.The carbon deposition Type I generated at 900°C has a minor effect on CH -CO reforming and it easily-CO reforming and it is difficult to react with carbon dioxide.

Keywords： carbon deposition carbonaceous catalyst CH₄-CO₂ reforming

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Complete oxidation of methane on CoO-SnO catalysts

Xingfu TANG , Jiming HAO , Junhua LI ,

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3, Pages 265-270 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0019-2

Abstract: CoO-SnO hybrid oxides were prepared by the coprecipitation method and were used to oxidate methane (CHThe CoO-SnO with a molar ratio of Co/(Co+Sn) at 0.75 exhibited the highest catalytic activity among allExperimental results showed that the catalysts were considerably stable in the CH combustion reaction

Keywords： Co₃O₄-SnO₂ complete oxidation methane (CH₄)

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Design and analysis of dual fuel methanol-power poly-generation

Minghua WANG , Zheng LI , Weidou NI ,

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3, Pages 341-347 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0023-z

Abstract: A dual fuel head poly-generation flowsheet was designed based on coal gas and coke oven gas. To help clearly understand the system performance, a 1.2×10−3.2×10kg methanol and 274―496MW power poly-generation system was simulated by using the commercially available software ASPEN Plus and GT Pro. The technology scheme, the operating parameters, and the efficiency of the system were also analyzed and evaluated, which will be used for building industrial devices.

Keywords： dual fuel methanol-power poly-generation CO₂ and CH₄ reforming splitting ratio

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Artificial intelligence in gastroenterology: where are we heading?

Joseph JY Sung, Nicholas CH Poon

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 511-517 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0742-4

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is coming to medicine in a big wave. From making diagnosis in various medical conditions, following the latest advancements in scientific literature, suggesting appropriate therapies, to predicting prognosis and outcome of diseases and conditions, AI is offering unprecedented possibilities to improve care for patients. Gastroenterology is a field that AI can make a significant impact. This is partly because the diagnosis of gastrointestinal conditions relies a lot on image-based investigations and procedures (endoscopy and radiology). AI-assisted image analysis can make accurate assessment and provide more information than conventional analysis. AI integration of genomic, epigenetic, and metagenomic data may offer new classifications of gastrointestinal cancers and suggest optimal personalized treatments. In managing relapsing and remitting diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and peptic ulcer bleeding, convoluted neural network may formulate models to predict disease outcome, enhancing treatment efficacy. AI and surgical robots can also assist surgeons in conducting gastrointestinal operations. While the advancement and new opportunities are exciting, the responsibility and liability issues of AI-assisted diagnosis and management need much deliberations.

Keywords： artificial intelligence endoscopy robotics gastrointestinal diseases

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Quality Upgrading of the Manufacturing Industry in Supply-Side Structural Reformation

Zhang Gang

Strategic Study of CAE 2017, Volume 19, Issue 3, Pages 29-38 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.03.005

Abstract:

Quality in manufacturing reflects the core competitiveness of enterprises and industries and the national comprehensive strength. This paper focuses on the main direction of supply-side structural reform, analyzes the role of manufactural quality upgrading in processing impetus to industrial transformation, optimizing the employment structure, promoting coordinated economic development, and building the national brand. The author maintains that quality, which covers aspects of both hard power and soft power, should be strengthened like science and technology and education, granted with comprehensive status. Based on the concept of "Big Quality", six aspects of accelerating reform in manufactural quality upgrading are put forward: set goals of engaging quality with efficiency, create new methods for industrial structure analysis of quality dimensions, build new advantages of national quality infrastructure, implement major projects for quality upgrading, innovate the law and policy systems of quality upgrading, and strengthen the work system of "Big Quality".

Keywords： supply-side structural reformation manufacturing industry quality upgrading

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Online gasoline blending with EPA Complex Model for predicting emissions

Stefan JANAQI, Mériam CHÈBRE, Guillaume PITOLLAT

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 214-226 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017022

Abstract: The empirical Complex Model developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is used by refiners to predict the toxic emissions of reformulated gasoline with respect to gasoline properties. The difficulty in implementing this model in the blending process stems from the implicit definition of Complex Model through a series of disjunctions assembled by the EPA in the form of spreadsheets. A major breakthrough in the refinery-based Complex Model implementation occurred in 2008 and 2010 through the use of generalized disjunctive and mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). Nevertheless, the execution time of these MINLP models remains prohibitively long to control emissions with our online gasoline blender. The first objective of this study is to present a new model that decreases the execution time of our online controller. The second objective is to consider toxic thresholds as hard constraints to be verified and search for blends that verify them. Our approach introduces a new way to write the Complex Model without any binary or integer variables. Sigmoid functions are used herein to approximate step functions until the measurement precision for each blend property is reached. By knowing this level of precision, we are able to propose an extremely good and differentiable approximation of the Complex Model. Next, a differentiable objective function is introduced to penalize emission values higher than the threshold emissions. Our optimization module has been implemented and tested with real data. The execution time never exceeded 1 s, which allows the online regulation of emissions the same way as other traditional properties of blended gasoline.

Keywords： emissions reformulated gasoline online control global optimization

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Build up Modern Agriculture, Enhance Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and System Reformation

Lu Liangshu

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 2, Pages 4-6

Abstract:

Agricultural science and technology plays a key role in the construc tion of modern agriculture. The connotations and main characters of modern agric ulture in the 21^st century were introduced in this paper. The author broug ht forward that the agricultural science and technology innovation was one of the stro ngest supporters to the agricultural development. It is necessary for the agricu ltural development and for the service of “San Nong” that the agricultural sci ence and technology system should be reformed.

Keywords： modern agriculture science and technology innovation system reformation